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Oxygen is without doubt one of the mostly used therapeutic brokers. Injudicious use of oxygen at high partial pressures (hyperoxia) for unproven indications, its identified toxic potential, and the acknowledged roles of reactive oxygen species in tissue damage led to skepticism regarding its use. A large physique of data indicates that hyperoxia exerts an in depth profile of physiologic and pharmacologic effects that enhance tissue oxygenation, exert anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, and increase tissue restore mechanisms. These knowledge set the rationale for the usage of hyperoxia in a list of clinical situations characterized by tissue hypoxia, infection, and consequential impaired tissue repair. Data on regional hemodynamic effects of hyperoxia and recent compelling proof on its anti-inflammatory actions incited a surge of interest within the potential therapeutic results of hyperoxia in myocardial revascularization and safety, in traumatic and nontraumatic ischemicanoxic brain insults, and in prevention of surgical site infections and in alleviation of septic and nonseptic native and systemic inflammatory responses.
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