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Blood oxygen level dependent (Bold) fMRI is a typical approach for measuring brain activation that might be affected by low-degree carbon monoxide (CO) publicity from, e.g. smoking. This study aimed to probe the vulnerability of Bold fMRI to CO and decide whether or not it may constitute a big neuroimaging confound. Low-degree (6 ppm exhaled) CO results on Bold response had been assessed in 12 healthy never-smokers on two separate experimental days (CO and air management). MRI duties were breath-holds (hypercapnia), visual stimulation and fingertapping. Bold fMRI response was lower throughout breath holds, visual stimulation and fingertapping within the CO protocol compared to the air management protocol. Behavioural and physiological measures remained unchanged. We conclude that Bold fMRI may be vulnerable to adjustments in baseline CO, and counsel exercising caution when imaging populations uncovered to elevated CO ranges. Further work is required to totally elucidate the affect on CO on fMRI and its underlying mechanisms.
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